Circularity in Storytelling — with The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special (2022)

Spoiler alert: This article contains spoilers of Marvel Studios’ Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special (2022).

It’s simple: The story ends where it begins.

Circular storytelling means that some elements from the beginning of the story (re-)appear at the end of the story. Elements (re-)appearing at the end of the story are usually in a stark contrast to the elements at the beginning of the story.

Marvel Studios’ Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special (2022) is a heart-warming story that ema

Parasite (2019) Review: A Violent Collision of Two Worlds Seen through the Eyes of Bong’s Camera

Directed by Bong Joon-ho, Parasite (2019) is a Korean dark comedy drama that masterfully exposes the reality of class division, following two families whose worlds violently collide as one infiltrates the life of the other. Apart from telling the story of the two families through the movie’s plot, Bong uses the visual architecture of the movie and beautiful camera movements to emphasise the contrasting worlds of the families.

Parasite starts as a light-hearted comedy. We’re introduced to the Ki